ABSTRACT
Liver diseases are the most common ailment all over the world mostly caused by viruses, toxic chemicals, excessive intake of alcohol, high doses of paracetamol, carbon tetrachloride, chemotherapeutic agents and peroxides oil, etc. There is a great need to assess the scientific basis for the medicinal plants that are claimed to have hepatoprotective activity. We investigate the hepatoprotective effects of aqueous-ethanolic extract of Capparis decidua [Stems] against paracetamol induced liver injury in experimental animals. To observe the level of improvement, biochemical parameters such as SGPT, SGOT, ALP and Total bilirubin levels as well as histopathological changes in liver tissues were studied. Silymarin [50mg/kg, p.o.] was used as reference drug. The levels of the biochemical parameters were increased in rabbits which were intoxicate by paracetamol. Capparis decidua extract [750mg/kg, b.w.] treated rabbits showed maximum reduction of biochemical parameters in a significant [p<0.001] manner. Histopathological examination of the liver tissues of control and treated groups also confirmed the hepatoprotective activity. The phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids. The results of the present study therefore suggest that the different doses of Capparis decidua possess significant hepatoprotective effect and this effect might be due to the presence of flavonoids and tannins
ABSTRACT
Enzyme inhibition is a significant part of research in pharmaceutical field in view of the fact that these studies have directed to the innovations of drugs having remarkable performance in diverse physiological conditions. The present study was aimed to assess urease and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of weight reducing tablets. For evaluating the urease activity indophenol method was employed using Thiourea as the model urease inhibitor. The lipoxygenase inhibition was evaluated by measuring the hydroperoxides produced in lipoxygenation reaction using a purified lipoxygenase with lionoleic acid as substrate. When formulation of the weight reducing tablets was compared at various concentrations [50, 100 and 500microg/ml]. The antiurease activity and lipoxygenase inhibition activity increased in a dose dependent manner. The formulations under test have an excellent antiurease and lipoxygenase inhibition potential and prospective to be used in the cure of a variety of complications associated with the production of urease and lipoxygenase enzymes
ABSTRACT
Antioxidants are used as an influential counteractive measure in opposing the generation of reactive oxygen species. The current study was carried out to investigate antioxidant potential and reducing capability of developed weight reducing tablet formulation. When tablets were evaluated at concentrations of 50, 100 and 500 micro g/ml, antioxidant activity improved in a dose depending way just similar to standard Butylated hydroxyl anisol [BHA]. For evaluation of reducing ability the formulation under test evaluated at concentrations of 50, 100 and 500micro g/ml and it was observed that formulation contain good reducing capability and possess considerable activity to scavenge super oxide radicals. In-vitro analysis of weight reducing tablets formulation showed considerable antioxidant and reducing capacity that will be supportive in averting the development of a variety of oxidative stress-related diseases
ABSTRACT
Amoebiasisis an infectious disease, which originated with the single-celled parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. The parasitic amoeba infects the liver and intestine and may cause mild diarrhea and serious dysentery with bloody and mucoid stool. A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Amoebex [400mg], a herbal formulation for the treatment of amoebiasis infections as compared to that of Metronidazole [400mg]. The therapeutic evaluations of these medicines were carried out on 184 clinically diagnosed cases of the amoebiasis infection. Sample sizes of Ameobex for this study included a total of 93 patients and for Metronidazole a total of 91 were registered and treated. Comparison of the data recorded for the participants relating to sign and symptoms variables showed significant differences of efficacy between test and control groups [p<0.0357] and no side effects were at all recorded in test group. According to observation, there was a difference in the overall clinical success of both treatment groups, however, the efficacy of the test treated medication [Amoebex] was superior to that of Metronidazole as [p<0.03], and on the basis of the statistical analysis done by the chi square test, the null hypothesis was rejected. `It is clearly evident that Amoebex possesses therapeutic value for the treatment of amoebiasis associated symptoms but also the eradication rate of amoebiasis is superior by Amoebex as compared to that of Metronidazole [Control drug]
ABSTRACT
The current randomized clinical trial was conducted to assess the safety and effectiveness of Entoban for treating patients of chronic diarrhea. The study enrolled 150 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria, among them 95 were males and 55 were females. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. Metronidazole tablets [400 mg] were used in a control group for 7-10 days. The test group received Entoban capsule 400mg every 8 hours for five days. Primary outcome of the study was daily bowel frequency evaluation; the secondary outcome was evaluation of clinical symptoms including abdominal pain, distention, stool consistency and sensation of incomplete evacuation. The study is registered at [https://register.clinicaltrials.gov] having registration number NCT02642250. In an intention-to treat [ITT] analysis, it has been observed that 39[84.78%] in test group and 37[78.72%] in control group showed complete improvement. Participants in the test group exhibited a marked reduction in symptoms; the symptom score was decreased from 3 [maximum] to 1 [minimum] or 0 [absent] in most of participants. Major difference was observed regarding side effects reported between two treatment groups [p value <0.0001]. Entoban possesses considerable therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of chronic diarrhea analogous with the conventional Metronidazole therapy
ABSTRACT
A progressively diminishing capacity of eye to visualize for close proximity increasing by age is known as presbyopia which is usually resulted due to loss of elasticity of crystalline lens. A clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of coded herbal formulation "ocucure" [Test drug] for the treatment of presbyopia comparing with leutivit [Placebo]. One hundred and eleven patients suffering from presbyopia from both groups [Males: 63, mean age: 34 +/- 14 and females: 48, mean age: 33 +/- 13 year, range: 20-60] were enrolled in the trial and divided in to two groups according to treatment regimens. Ocucure [Test drug] 500mg two tablets and leutivit [Placebo] 250mg tablets twice daily were prescribed for 6-8 weeks. Presbyopia was improved in 17 patients [28.81%] out of 59 patients by the use of ocucure [Test drug], and in 6 patients [11.53%] out of 52 by the use of leutivit [Control drug]. Furthermore, there was a significant improvement in presbyopic associated clinical features as compared to leutivit. It is concluded that ocucure possesses a therapeutic value for the improvement of presbyopia and its associated symptoms as compared to leutivit
ABSTRACT
Drug-induced liver injury is the leading cause for more than 50 percent of cases of acute liver failure. This study was conducted on herbo-mineral formulation "Hepcon" to evaluate its hepatoprotective effects in drug induced hepatitis in experimental animals. The liver injury was introduced with over dosage of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] and carbon tetrachloride [CCl[4]]. The herbo-mineral formulations "Hepcon" consist of Zingiber officinale, Piprum nigrum, Ammonium chloride and Arsenic trioxide [Hartal warqi]. The aqueous extraction was administered to experimental animals. Thereafter their LFTs, IgG, and tissue pathology was studied. It was observed on the basis of biochemical and histopathological analysis that animals which were subjected to Hepcon became normal in 60 days whereas those as control group did not showed improvements and most of them died. It was concluded that the efficacy of Hepcon to treat liver injury caused by CCl[4] and NSAIDs is very effective, and no side effects were noticed